ONE (Our Next Energy), an American battery company founded in 2020, develops electric vehicle (EV) power supply systems with scalable energy capacity that enable driving range over 600 miles on a single charge.
Challenges: electric vehicle range anxiety
Electric vehicles (EVs) are becoming an increasingly viable option for drivers who are looking for a more sustainable and innovative way to get around. One concern that some drivers have about EVs is range anxiety - the fear of running out of battery power and being stranded without a way to charge the vehicle.
With advances in battery technology and the expansion of public charging infrastructure, range anxiety is becoming less of an issue. In addition, many newer EV models have driving ranges of 200 miles or more, which is more than enough for most daily driving needs. The table below lists EVs with a high battery capacities and their estimated driving ranges based on the EPA's testing cycle:
| Vehicle Model | Battery Capacity (kWh) | Driving Range (miles) |
|---|---|---|
| Tesla Model S Long Range | 100 | 373 |
| Tesla Model S Plaid | 120 | 348 |
| Tesla Model X Long Range | 100 | 371 |
| Tesla Model X Plaid | 120 | 302 |
| Tesla Model 3 Long Range | 75 | 358 |
| Tesla Model 3 Performance | 82 | 315 |
| Tesla Model Y Long Range | 75 | 326 |
| Tesla Model Y Performance | 82 | 303 |
| Audi e-tron GT | 93 | 238 |
| Porsche Taycan 4S | 79.2 | 199 |
| Porsche Taycan Turbo | 93.4 | 212 |
| Porsche Taycan Turbo S | 93.4 | 201 |
| Ford Mustang Mach-E GT | 88 | 270 |
| Lucid Air Dream Edition | 113 | 520 |
| Rivian R1T | 135 | 314 |
| Rivian R1S | 135 | 316 |
However, range anxiety is a real concern for some EV owners who need to travel long distances on one charge.
ONE Technology
ONE develops EV power supply systems with scalable energy capacity that allow for a driving range over 600 miles on one complete charge. The power supply system comprises a traction battery whose cells use low-cost LFP electrodes and have a low energy density but long life cycles, and a hybrid range extender battery whose cells are anode-free and have a higher energy density but short life cycles. The traction battery powers EVs, while the hybrid range extender battery can either charge the traction battery or power EVs, depending on driving range requirements.
Driving habit and battery chemistry
ONE has developed its unique power supply system based on the driving habits of EV users.
Typically, EV users fall into one of three categories based on their daily driving distance:
- Short-distance drivers
These are drivers who typically drive less than 50 miles per day. This group accounts for a significant percentage of EV users, as many EVs have a range of at least 100 miles on a single charge. Short-distance drivers often charge their vehicles overnight at home and rarely need to use public charging stations.
- Medium-distance drivers
These are drivers who typically drive between 50 and 100 miles per day. This group also accounts for a large percentage of EV users, but they may need to use public charging stations occasionally to top up their battery during the day. Medium-distance drivers may also charge their vehicles at home overnight.
- Long-distance drivers
These are drivers who typically drive more than 100 miles per day. This group is less common among EV users, but they may use public charging stations more frequently or plan their routes around charging stations to ensure they have enough range to reach their destination. Long-distance drivers may also choose to invest in a home charging station to reduce their reliance on public charging stations.
The table below lists the percentage of driving days corresponding to a daily driving distance range for EVs.
| Daily Driving Distance | Percentage of Driving Days |
|---|---|
| 0-50 miles | 60% |
| 50-100 miles | 25% |
| 100-150 miles | 10% |
| 150-200 miles | 4% |
| 200+ miles | 1% |
The driving distance range for EVs mainly depends on the energy density of lithium-ion battery cells. There are varying types of cells and they have a different cell energy density and a life cycle, as listed in the table below.
| Lithium-Ion Battery Type | Cell Energy Density (Wh/L) | Cycle Life (Number of Cycles) |
|---|---|---|
| Anode-free | 1000-1200 | 100-300 |
| Solid-state | 400-500 | 500-1000 |
| NCA+Si | 700-800 | 500-1000 |
| NCM+Si | 550-650 | 800-1500 |
| NCM | 250-350 | 800-1500 |
| LFP | 250-300 | 2000-3000 |
In general, a cell with a high energy density, such as anode free cell, has a short life cycle, whereas a cell with low energy density, such as lithium iron phosphate (LFP) cell, has a long cycle life. Conventional battery power systems have often presumed that a longer cycle life is necessary, even if it comes at the expense of higher energy density.
ONE has developed unique power supply systems that combine a traction battery and hybrid range extender battery based on the driving habits of EV users. The traction battery uses LFP electrode material and has a low energy density but a long life cycle. The hybrid extender battery is anode free and has a higher energy density but a shorter life cycle.
Because a significant percentage of driving days involve relatively short distances, the traction battery can accommodate the daily short distance range. The traction battery can be charged frequently. In contrast, the hybrid range extender battery is used for a much shorter amount of time to meet a long driving range requirement. Thereby, the hybrid range extender battery is rarely recharged and provides a good trade-off between energy density and cycle life.
ONE battery system
The diagram below depicts ONE’s Gemini battery system for EVs.
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